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KMID : 1001320150420030027
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Social Welfare Policy
2015 Volume.42 No. 3 p.27 ~ p.49
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Gaps in College Entrance: Role of Family Income
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Ku In-Hoe
Kim Jung-Eun
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Abstract
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The college entrance rate of high school graduates in Korea has been on the increase for the past twenty years. However, there is growing concern that the expansion in higher education can strengthen the differences in college-going by the level of family income under the Korean society’s situation in income inequality and tuition fee rise. To explore whether the growing college entrance rate works effectively to diminish the gaps in family income, this study used the Seoul Child Panel Study(2004-2014), collected during long-term periods, to analyze the impact of family income on college education. Findings showed that the family income in high school period affected the college entrance rate, even controlling for academic achievement in the same period. In addition, this study confirmed that the academic achievement was determined by the family income, significantly related to private education expenses and parent educational participation, and then the academic achievement ultimately affected the college entrance outcome. These results suggested the failure of current student aid programs with borrowing constraints in investment of human capital. To reduce the gaps in college entrance by family income, it is necessary to improve financial aid programs and remove barriers of credit constraints in college entrance. Furthermore, gaps in children’s academic achievement from early childhood periods should be reduced by the increased income support for disadvantaged families and by the expanded role of public education system.
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KEYWORD
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College Entrance, Family Income, Academic Achievement, Borrowing, Constraints
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